Hepatic vein thrombosis (HVT) is an obstruction in the veins of the liver caused by a blood clot. It is a condition that blocks the drainage system of the liver, which impedes blood flow back to the heart. The liver stops getting the fresh oxygen it needs to function when there is improper blood flow. This can severely damage the liver and can lead to liver failure.
Nausea and vomiting Vomiting blood Unexplained weight loss Enlarged spleen Swelling of lower limbs Abdominal pain Jaundice However, there may be no symptom in some people until the liver is damaged.
Diagnosis It can be done through: Medical history o the patient Physical examination A blood sample know if the liver is working properly An imaging tests if the blood test results show liver damage. An ultrasound of the liver to check its size and for signs of damage A computed tomography scans to look for obstructions and damaged tissue A liver biopsy if your doctor spots abnormalities in your liver Hepatic vein catheterization
Treatment
Medication: use of fibrinolytic drugs to dissolve blood clots and anticoagulants to prevent blood clots. Surgery: percutaneous transluminal angioplasty may be done to widen your hepatic vein to improve blood flow.
During the procedure, a surgeon will feed a catheter into the blocked vein. The catheter has a deflated balloon at the tip, which the surgeon will inflate once it’s in the vein. This causes the vein to widen. Once the vein is wide enough, the surgeon will insert wire mesh into the vein. This holds it open.
Your surgeon may use transjugular intrahepatic portal-systemic shunting to redirect the blood flow away from the liver. This will release pressure on the portal vein.
Complications Its complication does lead to liver failure. Liver transplant is highly needed in this instance; people with liver failure who do not receive a transplant may have a three-year life expectancy.
The effectiveness of the treatment depends on many factors, including:
Blockage location Speed of treatment Type of treatment The underlying cause of your HVT
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